Compare Greenland (2007) - British Indian Ocean Territory (2002)

Compare Greenland (2007) z British Indian Ocean Territory (2002)

	Greenland (2007)	British Indian Ocean Territory (2002)

Administrative divisions	3 districts (landsdele); Avannaa (Nordgronland), Tunu (Ostgronland), Kitaa (Vestgronland) note: there are 18 municipalities in Greenland	-
Age structure	0-14 years: 24% (male 6,926/female 6,597) 15-64 years: 69.1% (male 20,901/female 18,012) 65 years and over: 6.9% (male 1,873/female 2,035) (2007 est.)	-
Agriculture - products	forage crops, garden and greenhouse vegetables; sheep, reindeer; fish	-
Airports	14 (2007)	1 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 9 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 5 (2007)	total: 1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 5 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 2 (2007)	-
Area	total: 2,166,086 sq km land: 2,166,086 sq km (410,449 sq km ice-free, 1,755,637 sq km ice-covered) (2000 est.)	total: 60 sq km land: 60 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the entire Chagos Archipelago
Area - comparative	slightly more than three times the size of Texas	about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	Greenland, the world's largest island, is about 81% ice-capped. Vikings reached the island in the 10th century from Iceland; Danish colonization began in the 18th century, and Greenland was made an integral part of Denmark in 1953. It joined the European Community (now the EU) with Denmark in 1973, but withdrew in 1985 over a dispute centered on stringent fishing quotas. Greenland was granted self-government in 1979 by the Danish parliament; the law went into effect the following year. Denmark continues to exercise control of Greenland's foreign affairs in consultation with Greenland's Home Rule Government.	Established as a territory of the UK in 1965, a number of the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) islands were transferred to the Seychelles when it attained independence in 1976. Subsequently, BIOT has consisted only of the six main island groups comprising the Chagos Archipelago. The largest and most southerly of the islands, Diego Garcia, contains a joint UK-US naval support facility. All of the remaining islands are uninhabited. Former agricultural workers, earlier residents in the islands, were relocated primarily to Mauritius but also to the Seychelles, between 1967 and 1973. In 2000, a British High Court ruling invalidated the local immigration order which had excluded them from the archipelago, but upheld the special military status of Diego Garcia.
Birth rate	16.01 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)	-
Budget	revenues: $1.36 billion expenditures: $1.27 billion (2005)	-
Capital	name: Nuuk (Godthab) geographic coordinates: 64 11 N, 51 45 W time difference: UTC-3 (2 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October note: Greenland is divided into four time zones	-
Climate	arctic to subarctic; cool summers, cold winters	tropical marine; hot, humid, moderated by trade winds
Coastline	44,087 km	698 km
Constitution	5 June 1953 (Danish constitution)	-
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Greenland local long form: none local short form: Kalaallit Nunaat	conventional long form: British Indian Ocean Territory conventional short form: none abbreviation: BIOT
Death rate	7.93 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)	-
Debt - external	$25 million (1999)	-
Dependency status	part of the Kingdom of Denmark; self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark since 1979	overseas territory of the UK; administered by a commissioner, resident in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in London
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international	managed dispute between Canada and Denmark over Hans Island in the Kennedy Channel between Canada's Ellesmere Island and Greenland	Mauritius and Seychelles claim the Chagos Archipelago and its former inhabitants, who reside chiefly in Mauritius, but in 2001 were granted UK citizenship and the right to repatriation since eviction in 1965; repatriation is complicated by the US military lease of Diego Garcia, the largest island in the chain
Economic aid - recipient	$512 million; note - subsidy from Denmark (2005)	-
Economy - overview	The economy remains critically dependent on exports of fish and substantial support from the Danish Government, which supplies about half of government revenues. The public sector, including publicly-owned enterprises and the municipalities, plays the dominant role in the economy. Several interesting hydrocarbon and mineral exploration activities are ongoing. Press reports in early 2007 indicated that two international aluminum companies were considering building smelters in Greenland to take advantage of local hydropower potential. Tourism is the only sector offering any near-term potential, and even this is limited due to a short season and high costs. Air Greenland announced plans to begin summer-season direct flights to the U.S. east coast in May 2007 potentially opening a major new tourism market.	All economic activity is concentrated on the largest island of Diego Garcia, where joint UK-US defense facilities are located. Construction projects and various services needed to support the military installations are done by military and contract employees from the UK, Mauritius, the Philippines, and the US. There are no industrial or agricultural activities on the islands. When the Ilois return, they plan to reestablish sugarcane production and fishing.
Electricity - consumption	279 million kWh (2005)	NA kWh
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2005)	-
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2005)	-
Electricity - production	300 million kWh (2005)	NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by the US military
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Gunnbjorn 3,700 m	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Diego Garcia 15 m
Environment - current issues	protection of the arctic environment; preservation of the Inuit traditional way of life, including whaling and seal hunting	NA
Ethnic groups	Greenlander 88% (Inuit and Greenland-born whites), Danish and others 12% (2000)	-
Exchange rates	Danish kroner per US dollar - 5.9468 (2006), 5.9969 (2005), 5.9911 (2004), 6.5877 (2003), 7.8947 (2002)	-
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen MARGRETHE II of Denmark (since 14 January 1972), represented by High Commissioner Soren MOLLER (since April 2005) head of government: Prime Minister Hans ENOKSEN (since 14 December 2002) cabinet: Home Rule Government is elected by the parliament (Landstinget) on the basis of the strength of parties elections: the monarchy is hereditary; high commissioner appointed by the monarch; prime minister is elected by parliament (usually the leader of the majority party); election results: Hans ENOKSEN reelected prime minister note: government coalition - Siumut and Inuit Ataqatigiit	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Commissioner Alan HUCKLE (since 2001); Administrator Louise SAVILL (since NA); note - both reside in the UK cabinet: NA elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; commissioner and administrator appointed by the monarch
Exports	NA bbl/day	-
Exports - commodities	fish and fish products 94% (prawns 63%)	-
Exports - partners	Denmark 67.8%, Japan 11.9%, China 5.5% (2006)	-
Fiscal year	calendar year	-
Flag description	two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and red with a large disk slightly to the hoist side of center - the top half of the disk is red, the bottom half is white	white with six blue wavy horizontal stripes; the flag of the UK is in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the striped section bears a palm tree and yellow crown centered on the outer half of the flag
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	-
GDP - real growth rate	2% (2005 est.)	-
Geographic coordinates	72 00 N, 40 00 W	6 00 S, 71 30 E
Geography - note	dominates North Atlantic Ocean between North America and Europe; sparse population confined to small settlements along coast, but close to one-quarter of the population lives in the capital, Nuuk; world's second largest ice cap	archipelago of 2,300 islands; Diego Garcia, largest and southernmost island, occupies strategic location in central Indian Ocean; island is site of joint US-UK military facility
Highways	-	total: NA km paved: short stretch of paved road of NA km between port and airfield on Diego Garcia unpaved: NA km
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	-
Imports	NA bbl/day	-
Imports - commodities	machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, food, petroleum products	-
Imports - partners	Denmark 69.9%, Sweden 16.3%, Norway 3.7% (2006)	-
Independence	none (extensive self-rule as part of the Kingdom of Denmark; foreign affairs is the responsibility of Denmark, but Greenland actively participates in international agreements relating to Greenland)	-
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	-
Industries	fish processing (mainly shrimp and Greenland halibut); gold, niobium, tantalite, uranium, iron and diamond mining; handicrafts, hides and skins, small shipyards	-
Infant mortality rate	total: 14.98 deaths/1,000 live births male: 16.32 deaths/1,000 live births female: 13.61 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)	-
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	1% (2005 est.)	-
International organization participation	Arctic Council, NC, NIB, UPU	-
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	-	1 (2000)
Irrigated land	NA	0 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	High Court or Landsret (appeals can be made to the Ostre Landsret or Eastern Division of the High Court or Supreme Court in Copenhagen)	-
Labor force	32,120 (2004)	-
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005)	arable land: NEGL permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.)
Languages	Greenlandic (East Inuit), Danish, English	-
Legal system	the laws of Denmark, where applicable, apply	the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch	unicameral Parliament or Landstinget (31 seats; members are elected by popular vote on the basis of proportional representation to serve four-year terms) elections: last held on 15 November 2005 (next to be held by December 2009) election results: percent of vote by party - Siumut 30.7%, Demokratiit 22.8%, IA 22.6%, Atassut Party 19.1%; Katusseqatigiit 4.1%, other 0.7%; seats by party - Siumut 10, Demokratiit 7, IA 7, Atassut 6, Katusseqatigiit 1 note: two representatives were elected to the Danish Parliament or Folketing on 8 February 2005 (next to be held in February 2009); percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Siumut 1, Inuit Ataqatigiit 1	-
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 70.23 years male: 66.65 years female: 73.9 years (2007 est.)	-
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 100% male: 100% female: 100% (2001 est.)	-
Location	Northern North America, island between the Arctic Ocean and the North Atlantic Ocean, northeast of Canada	Southern Asia, archipelago in the Indian Ocean, about one-half the way from Africa to Indonesia
Map references	Arctic Region	Political Map of the World
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 3 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm or agreed boundaries or median line continental shelf: 200 nm or agreed boundaries or median line	exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 3 NM
Merchant marine	total: 2 ships (1000 GRT or over) 3,422 GRT/2,340 DWT by type: cargo 1, passenger 1 registered in other countries: 1 (Denmark 1) (2007)	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of Denmark	defense is the responsibility of the UK; the US lease on Diego Garcia expires in 2016
National holiday	June 21 (longest day)	-
Nationality	noun: Greenlander(s) adjective: Greenlandic	-
Natural hazards	continuous permafrost over northern two-thirds of the island	NA
Natural resources	coal, iron ore, lead, zinc, molybdenum, diamonds, gold, platinum, niobium, tantalite, uranium, fish, seals, whales, hydropower, possible oil and gas	coconuts, fish, sugarcane
Net migration rate	-8.38 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)	-
Political parties and leaders	Atassut Party (Solidarity) [Finn KARLSEN] (a conservative party favoring continuing close relations with Denmark); Demokratiit [Per BERTHELSEN]; Inuit Ataqatigiit or IA (Eskimo Brotherhood) [Josef MOTZFELDT] (a leftist party favoring complete independence from Denmark rather than home rule); Kattusseqatigiit (Candidate List) (an independent right-of-center party with no official platform); Siumut (Forward Party) [Hans ENOKSEN] (a social democratic party advocating more distinct Greenlandic identity and greater autonomy from Denmark)	-
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	-
Population	56,344 (July 2007 est.)	no indigenous inhabitants note: approximately 1,200 former agricultural workers resident in the Chagos Archipelago, often referred to as Chagossians or Ilois, were relocated to Mauritius and the Seychelles around the time of the construction of UK-US military facilities; in 2001, there were approximately 1,500 UK and US military personnel and 2,000 civilian contractors living on the island of Diego Garcia (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	-
Population growth rate	-0.03% (2007 est.)	-
Ports and harbors	-	Diego Garcia
Radio broadcast stations	AM 5, FM 12, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios	-	NA
Religions	Evangelical Lutheran	-
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.16 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.92 male(s)/female total population: 1.115 male(s)/female (2007 est.)	-
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	-
Telephone system	general assessment: adequate domestic and international service provided by satellite, cables and microwave radio relay; totally digitalized in 1995 domestic: microwave radio relay and satellite international: country code - 299; satellite earth stations - 12 Intelsat, 1 Eutelsat, 2 Americom GE-2 (all Atlantic Ocean) (2000)	general assessment: separate facilities for military and public needs are available domestic: all commercial telephone services are available, including connection to the Internet international: international telephone service is carried by satellite (2000)
Telephones - main lines in use	25,300 (2002)	NA
Telephones - mobile cellular	32,200 (2004)	-
Television broadcast stations	1 (plus some local low-power stations, and 3 Armed Forces Radio and Television Service (AFRTS) stations (1997)	1 (1997)
Terrain	flat to gradually sloping icecap covers all but a narrow, mountainous, barren, rocky coast	flat and low (most areas do not exceed four meters in elevation)
Total fertility rate	2.4 children born/woman (2007 est.)	-
Unemployment rate	9.3% (2005 est.)	-
Waterways	-	none

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